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RUBELLA

 

 

Known as: German Measles or three day measles

 

About: From Rubella Virus

 

Microscope: Unicellular micro-organism.

 

What can it do: Rubella is a virus which is found in the blood 5-7 days after a person becomes infected. Initial symptoms are very similar to flu with a mild fever, headache and joint pains. Rubella is considered a mild disease but symptoms can be more severe in an infant or an older person. If a pregnant woman is in contact with the virus, her unborn child can be affected by congenital rubella syndrome. This affects many parts of the body including the heart, brain, eyes and ears and may result in premature birth and low birth weight also. In some cases if the mother contracts rubella in the first few months of pregnancy, she may have a miscarriage or the baby may die.

 

Help: Vaccination against rubella has been common in the western world since the 1960's. The new combined MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) is the most common way of vaccinating children and the first dose of vaccine is given at 12-15 months of age and a second dose at between 4 and 6 years old. Mainly the treatment for rubella is to do with how extreme the symptoms are and relate to reducing fever and soothing any discomfort caused by the rash and other symptoms.


Infectious rating: Rubella is spread from person to person by way of coughing and sneezing and is therefore considered of air-born infectiousness and enters the body via the respiratory system.


I feel sick: One of the primary symptoms is a rash on the face which spreads to the trunk, arms and legs and then usually fades within a few days. In addition to the flu like symptoms, there may be swollen lymph glands and conjunctivitis.


Skin symptoms: Rubella causes a bright red rash which starts around the face and eventually covers the whole body.



GEOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS

Rubella was recorded as early as the eighteenth century and was formally recorded as a separate disease in 1881. There have been epidemics and pandemics through the 1940's and 1960's but due to the introduction of a live vaccine in 1969 and an increase in vaccinations rubella has been eliminated in some countries. There are some populations within the UK that are not vaccinated and therefore prone to being infected by rubella but most cases arise in countries where the vaccine is not as accessible within the developing world.