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ESCHERICHIA (E-COLI)

 

Known as: E-Coli

About: Bacteria which can cause food poisoning through contaminated food 

Microscope: Rod shaped anaerobic bacteria

What can it do: There are harmful and harmless forms of e-coli. The most notable harmful bacteria is the cause of the distressing illnesses such as diarrhoea and stomach cramps and feeling unwell. The bacteria form a toxin when it is inside the body of a human can make you feel very ill.  The most common way people get e-coli is by the bacteria entering the body via the mouth when a person swallows food from an infected item or is in contact with an infected animal and may enter the mouth via dirty hands. This in turn can cause severe diarrhoea and 

Help: The main treatment of E-coli involves keeping the sick person hydrated, controlling any fever, and using medicines that control the diarrhoea. 


Infectious rating: Ecoli can be caught quite commonly and is transmitted in every day life via things like swimming pool water, poorly cooked meats, in petting zoos or where animals and humans are in contact as well as via raw unpasteurized milk or dairy products.  It can be transmitted from a person to another person via contact with bodily fluids such as when changing a dirty nappy and not washing hands properly. 

I feel sick: The main symptom of E-coli is diarrhoea, often times bloody diarrhoea. There may be a very slight fever and stomach cramps when the infection is not severe. E-coli can result in complications such as hemolytic uremic syndrome HUS. This is characterized by decrease in urination and can affect a persons kidneys. Complications can last for several weeks and may in rare occasions may be fatal.


Skin symptoms: Rubella causes a bright red rash which starts around the face and eventually covers the whole body.



GEOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS

E-coli is found in food, in the intestines of animals and people and in our environment.  E-coli is considRubella was recorded as early as the eighteenth century and was formally recorded as a separate disease in 1881. There have been epidemics and pandemics through the 1940's and 1960's but due to the introduction of a live vaccine in 1969 and an increase in vaccinations rubella has been eliminated in some countries. There are some populations within the UK that are not vaccinated and therefore prone to being infected by rubella but most cases arise in countries where the vaccine is not as accessible within the developing world.